soil erosion statistics united states

Between 1982 and 2003, total soil erosion dropped from an estimate of over 3 … Many row crops are grown without adequate conservation practices, and annual soil losses on much of the land reach 20 tons per acre or * The Corn Belt States experience some of the highest erosion rates in the country: in 1977, Iowa cropland lost an average of 9.9 tons of soil per acre; Illinois, 6.7 tons per acre, and Missouri, 10 9 tons per acre. 2 Erosion in the Palouse: A Summary of the Palouse River Basin Study United States Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service ... soil erosion has been a continuous and increasing problem. “It takes up to 1,000 years to form one centimeter of top soil, but this one centimeter can be lost with just one heavy rainfall if soil cover is not protected”. Splash erosion is generally seen as the first and least severe stage in the soil erosion process, which is followed by sheet erosion, then rill erosion a… Agriculture is a main driver of soil erosion by water. The good news is that the NRI figures show soil erosion is occurring at the low end of the T-values on two thirds of the cropland acreage in the United States. 18) results in significant soil losses. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a public domain model jointly developed by USDA Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS) and Texas A&M AgriLife Research, part of The Texas A&M University System. (Tables 18 and 19) Source: Erosion Tables 18 and 19 The study states that almost two billion tons of farmland are lost to soil erosion every year resulting in loss of food crops and income. Convex hilltops throughout the region are often completely denuded of A-horizon soil. Reduction of soil depth can impair the land's productivity, and the transport of sediments can degrade streams, lakes, and estuaries. What Is the Issue? Each year, about 75 billion tons of soil is eroded from the land—a rate that is about 13–40 times as fast as the natural rate of erosion. Approximately 40% of the world's agricultural land is seriously degraded. In 2003, the soil erosion rate was estimated at 4.5 tons per acre per year, compared to 7.3 tons per acre per year in 1982. Soil erosion is the loss of topsoil or upper layer of soil particles from land. It is a natural process caused by rain and wind, but human activities can greatly increase erosion. Over-cultivation or intensive farming, construction and deforestation worsen soil erosion. You may have already requested this item. Nearingb,*, Roel C. Viningc, Jane Southworthd, Rebecca A. Pfeifere aU.S. It was estimated that soil erosion cost the United States $27 billion annually in onsite costs and $17 billion annually in offsite costs, for a total of $44 billion annually, or about $100 annually ha −1 of cropland and pasture. Cropping in the United States. In some regions, soil loss was found to be 12 times greater than the stated average, as storms stripped up to 64 tons of soil per acre of land. The economic impact of soil erosion in the United States costs the nation about $37.6 billion each year in productivity losses. From the USDA soil portal, the cost of soil erosion is estimated at $44.39 billion in the United States. Nowhere is this more apparent than in the Midwestern United States. The four forces of erosion are water, wind, glaciers, and gravity. Water is responsible for most erosion. Water can move most sizes of sediments, depending on the strength of the force. Wind moves sand-sized and smaller pieces of rock through the air. The Sources and Solutions: Agriculture. chemicals. Soil erosion effects on soil productivity: A ... resented C/SDA> ~~~~~i~ and Statistics ser- two U.S. Department of Agriculture fort to develop a suitable soil erosjon-pro- ... widely throughout the United States and have important effects on both soil erosion The intense excessive rain this spring combined with saturated subsoils led to runoff of soil sediments and visibly eroded fields. Please select Ok if you would like to proceed with this request anyway. Total soil erosion on all cropland and land in CRP declined since 1982 as well. Tillage is used to control weeds, incorporate crop residue, and prepare land for planting, but minimizing soil disturbance and maintaining soil cover are critical to improving soil health. Of the 60 million ha in the United States identified as most vulnerable to wind erosion (arid and dominated by fine sandy soils), 64% are managed by federal agencies (37 million ha). With soil erosion rates so much higher than the replenishment rate, it is no The association between soil loss and convex topography indicates that tillage-induced erosion is an important driver of soil loss, yet tillage erosion is not simulated in models used to assess nationwide soil loss trends in the United States. EWG, working with Iowa State University, has found that erosion in Iowa is much worse than previously reported. The Effects of Soil Erosion Pollution and Poor Water Quality. The gradual erosion of soil creates sedimentation, a process by which rocks and minerals in the soil separate from the soil and deposit elsewhere, often ... Mudslides and Structural Problems. ... Deforestation and Flooding. ... Soil Degradation. ... FAO spelled out that by 2050, it may reduce up to 10 per cent of crop yields, which is equivalent to removing millions of hectares of land from crop production. Here are some of the key findings: The United States is losing soil 10 times faster -- and China and India are losing soil 30 to 40 times faster -- than the natural replenishment rate. Applying fertilizers in the proper amount, at the right time of year and with the right method can significantly reduce how much fertilizer reaches water bodies. The United States is losing soil at a rate 10 times faster than the soil replenishment rate while China and India are losing soil 30 to 40 times faster. Depending on the scenario, the simulations predict that by 2070 soil erosion will increase significantly, by 30% to 66%, compared to 2015 figures. United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research Station General Technical Report PNW-GTR-253 September 1989 Annotated Bibliography on Soil Erosion and Erosion Control in Subarctic and High-Latitude Regions of North America I This file was created by scanning the printed publication. most of this caused by agriculture." In South Asia, the annual economic loss is estimated at US$600 million for nutrient loss by erosion, and US$1,200 million due to soil fertility depletion (Stocking, 1986; UNEP, 1994). Confirm this request. precipitation variance on soil erosion is not limited to croplands. In North Carolina It’s Against The Law Any time an acre or more of land is cleared for commercial, residential, industrial or road construction purposes, a state or local govern-ment approved erosion control plan is … Climate change impacts on soil erosion in Midwest United States with changes in crop management Monte R. O’Neala, M.A. Only about one percent of cropland is experiencing a high rate of soil erosion. To address this problem, soil conservation policies have existed in the United States for over 60 years. This value includes lost productivity, along with sedimentation and eutrophication of water reservoirs. United States. “We must stop soil erosion to save our future”, stressed Mr. Mansur. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), National Soil Erosion Research Laboratory, 275 South Russell Street, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2077, USA Damage from soil erosion worldwide is estimated to be $400 billion per year. Land and Soil – United States. Given that it takes a century or more for an inch of soil to form naturally, the United States will lose the equivalent of at least 300 years’ worth of soil by 2100 if today’s trends prevail. In Zimbabwe, soil erosion results in an annual loss of N and P alone totaling US$1.5 billion. Keeping animals and their waste out of streams keeps nitrogen and phosphorus out of the water and protects stream banks. Between 1982 and 2007, soil erosion on U.S. cropland decreased 43%. Agricultural soil erosion is increasingly regarded as Soil Erosion in the United States According to a study by Cornell University, topsoil is disappearing at a terrifying rate in the United States, nearly 10 times faster than it can be replaced. Linked Data. Reducing erosion – improving productivity. One full chapter takes up the history of the conservation … As a result of erosion over the past 40 years, 30 percent of the world's arable land has become unproductive. United States. The study, "Soil Erosion: A Food and Environmental Threat," draws upon statistics on soil erosion from more than 125 sources. United States Department of Agriculture Soil Conservation Service ... Statistics, and Cooperatives Service. title = "Soil erosion in the United States", abstract = "Using a long-term 15-min, precipitation database, the spatial distribution and time trends of the soil erosion characteristics of storms, including the storm erosivity index (EI), were examined to determine how nationwide precipitation patterns are driving soil … More info about Linked Data. Miller and his colleagues. Despite this improvement, the current estimated rate of erosion (an average of 4.6 tons per acre per year. The cost of preventing that erosion was estimated to be $8.4 billion annually. Roger Claassen, Maria Bowman, Jonathan McFadden, David Smith, and Steven Wallander. The material gathered and compiled and arranged under certail main heading. Soil Degradation in the United States: Extent, Severity, and Trends is an assessment of current trends and geographic hot spots. To mitigate coastal erosion, the federal government spends an average of $150 million every year on beach nourishment and other shoreline erosion control measures.1 In addition to beach erosion, more than 80,000 acres of coastal wetlands are lost annually—the equivalent of seven football fields disappearing every hour of every day.2 The aggregate result is that the United States lost an area of … The earliest soil erosion research in the United States was conducted on overgrazed rangeland in central Utah beginning in 1912 by A.W. Erosion Levéis and Conservation Activities Soil erosion on agricultural land in the United States does not pose an immediate threat to the Nation's abil- ity to produce food and fiber. A study of soil erosion in the United States, especially in Texas, which brings attention to the causes of soil erosion under the existing system of farm management. Their results based on projected climate data for 2050 to Here, soil erosion has grown so extreme that Jerry Hatfield, director of the USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Ag and the Environment, believes that we’re losing, on average, 5 tons of soil per acre per year due to erosion (with higher-end areas losing closer to 100 tons per acre per year). Sampson and associates. Water (sheet & rill) erosion on cropland in 2007 declined from 1.68 billion tons per year to 960 million tons per year, and erosion due to wind declined from 1.38 billion tons per year to 765 million tons per year. The answer – sedimen-tation caused by soil erosion. Approximately 11.6 % of all erosion-prone land is estimated to have been affected by moderate or severe soil erosion (more than 5 tonnes per hectare per year) in 2016 in the EU-27 (Figure 1). Soil erosion -- Economic aspects -- United States -- Statistics. It not only describes the types of soil degradation, but also evaluates the processes and triggers that cause the damage. In the drylands of North America, millions of tons of soil are lost to wind erosion annually. Soil erosion has both on-farm and off-farm impacts. Soil erosion -- Economic aspects. T-values range from one to five tons per acre per year, depending on soil type and location. Rainfall, and the surface runoff which may result from rainfall, produces four main types of soil erosion: splash erosion, sheet erosion, rill erosion, and gully erosion. Average rates of soil erosion under natural, non-cropped conditions have been documented to be less than 2 Mg ha −1 yr −1. 19(Maps 3a and 3b). The cost to replace soil functions and remedy off-site damage due to soil erosion has been estimated at a minimum of $3 to $10 per ton of soil; the cost of productivity losses is even greater (Hansen and Ribaudo, 2008). WIND EROSION FORCES IN THE UNITED STATES AND THEIR USE IN PREDICTING SOIL LOSS By E. L. SKIDMOBE, research soil scientist, and N. P. WOODRUFF, research investigations leader, Soil and Water Conservation Research Division, Agricultural Research Service Soil blowing of agricultural lands is a serious Field erosion plot research began in 1917 at the Missouri Agricultural Experiment Station in Columbia, Missouri by M.F. These erosion rates are one of the reasons why, from 1982 to 2015, the area of prime farmland as defined by the NRCS shrank by 25.8 million acres—that's roughly the size of the state of Ohio. While erosion rates have recently declined somewhat since consistent measurements began in 1982, soil loss continues at a rate that threatens farm legacies. On-site rates of erosion of lands under cultivation over large cropland areas, such as in the United States, have been documented to be on the order of 6 Mg ha −1 yr −1 or more. 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